![]() ![]() Why are species' traits weak predictors of range shifts? Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 52, 47– 66. Livestock grazing constrains bird abundance and species richness: A global meta-analysis. Conserving the abundance of nonthreatened species. Postfledging survivorship and habitat selection across a rural-to-urban landscape gradient. Combined effects of heat waves and droughts on avian communities across the conterminous United States. Evaluating how and why commonness mediates species' responses to land cover change can help managers design conservation portfolios that sustain the spectrum of common to rare species. Our findings show a signal of commonness in how species respond to a major dimension of global change. Increases in agriculture and declines in pasture favored counts of common but not rare species. Increases in developed lands did not favor counts of any species. We also found that commonness mediated how change in human land cover, but not natural land cover, was associated with species' counts at the end of the study period. For our focal 15-year period, we found that higher proportions of initial natural land cover favored (i.e., were correlated with higher) counts of rare but not common species. We quantified species' commonness as a continuous metric at the national scale using the logarithm (base 10) of each species' total count across all routes in the conterminous United States in 2001. Specifically, we used generalized linear mixed effects models to ask if species' commonness affected the relationship between land cover and counts, using the initial amount of and change in land cover surrounding each North American BBS route from 2001 to 2016. We explored avian population responses to land cover change along a gradient from common to rare species using avian data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) and land cover data from the National Land Cover Database for the conterminous United States. ![]() Understanding if and how commonness mediates species' responses to global change, including land cover change, can help guide conservation strategies. While rare species are vulnerable to global change, large declines in common species (i.e., those with large population sizes, large geographic distributions, and/or that are habitat generalists) also are of conservation concern.
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